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The role of endoscopy in the evaluation and treatment of patients with biliary neoplasia

    • We recommend that EUS be performed in patients with suspected ampullary adenocarcinoma or cholangiocarcinoma if the EUS findings or positive FNA results
    • would change management.
    • We recommend MRC to assess for resectability if a CT scan suggests cholangiocarcinoma, particularly of the bifurcation. If the lesion is unresectable, endoscopic palliation of jaundice should be performed by using MRC as a guide for unilateral drainage to minimize the risk of cholangitis.
    • We recommend ERCP to obtain tissue or facilitate further evaluation of indeterminate strictures.
    • We recommend that symptomatic patients with GBP undergo cholecystectomy.
    • We suggest that asymptomatic patients with a GBP larger than 10 mm undergo cholecystectomy.
    • We suggest that asymptomatic patients with a GBP 6 mm to 10 mm in size and without other risk factors for GB cancer be followed by TUS every 12 months.
    • We recommend that the presence of any GBP should prompt cholecystectomy in patients with PSC.